⚛️

Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

Atoms, elements, isotopes, subatomic particles, development of atomic model, periodic table trends, groups (1, 7, 0), transition metals

🧪

Bonding, Structure and Properties of Matter

Ionic, covalent, metallic bonding, states of matter, giant structures, polymers, carbon allotropes (diamond, graphite, graphene), nanoparticles

📊

Quantitative Chemistry

Conservation of mass, relative formula mass, moles, limiting reactants, concentration, percentage yield, atom economy (higher tier calculations)

🔬

Chemical Changes

Reactivity series, metals & acids, neutralisation, electrolysis, extraction of metals, redox reactions

🔥

Energy Changes

Exothermic & endothermic reactions, reaction profiles, bond energies, electrochemical cells, fuel cells

⏱️

The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change

Collision theory, factors affecting rate, catalysts, reversible reactions, Le Chatelier's principle, equilibrium

🛢️

Organic Chemistry

Hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, crude oil & fractions, alcohols, carboxylic acids, addition & condensation polymers

🔍

Chemical Analysis

Pure substances, formulations, chromatography, tests for gases/ions, flame tests, instrumental methods

🌍

Chemistry of the Atmosphere

Atmospheric composition, evolution of atmosphere, greenhouse gases, carbon cycle, pollutants, climate change

♻️

Using Resources

Sustainable & potable water, life cycle assessment, recycling, Haber process, fertilisers, corrosion of metals, alloys, ceramics