🧠

Systems Architecture

CPU components, fetch-execute cycle, registers, cache, Von Neumann architecture, embedded systems

💾

Memory and Storage

Primary/secondary storage, RAM/ROM, virtual memory, units, compression, data storage technologies

🌐

Networks, Connections & Security

Network types/topologies/protocols, wired/wireless, security threats, firewalls, encryption

⚖️

Ethical, Legal, Cultural & Environmental Impacts

Digital divide, privacy, legislation (Data Protection Act, Computer Misuse Act), environmental impact

🧩

Algorithms & Computational Thinking

Abstraction, decomposition, algorithmic thinking, searching/sorting algorithms, pseudocode, flowcharts

💻

Programming Fundamentals

Variables/constants, data types, operators, sequence/selection/iteration, arrays, string manipulation, sub-programs

🔢

Data Representation

Binary/denary/hex, binary shifts, characters (ASCII/Unicode), images/sound, compression (lossy/lossless)

🔧

Logic, Translators & Programming Languages

Boolean logic, truth tables, programming paradigms, high/low-level languages, translators (compilers/interpreters)